Classical Period

(1750-1820)

The piano(forte) suddenly became a very important and popular instrument.

The symphony orchestra took shape with its four families of instruments: woodwind, brass, string and percussion.

Composers began polishing new forms like the symphony, concerto, sonata, and the (one type) theme and variations. These compositions were written according to very strict rules.

Composers became less interested in writing sacred music and more interested in writing secular music.

People were interested in rational thought and the right for all people to live in freedom.

Some important Classical Composers:

C.P.E. Bach- (1714-1788) One of the many children of J.S. Bach who wrote very challenging keyboard music.

Franz Joseph Haydn- (1732-1809) Widely considered the father of the Classical Symphony.

Antonio Salieri- (1750-1825) During his lifetime, he was one of the most famous and important composers in Europe, particularly of opera. His feud with Mozart is most likely fictional.

Muzio Clementi- (1752-1832) The first composer to write specifically for piano(forte).

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (Joannes Chrystosomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart)- (1756-1791) Was a child prodigy who in his short life composed over 600 pieces. Generally considered the best composer of the Classical period. He wrote in every possible style of the time.

Ludwig von Beethoven- (1770-1827) An important transitional figure who ushered in the Romanti period with his adventurous music. He was also an acclaimed pianist who continued composing as he gradually became deaf. He was also one of the first composers to work exclusively for commission.

Homework- Find two historical NON-MUSICAL events that reflect people’s interest in rational thought and the right for all people to live in freedom that occurred during the Classical period. (hint- Google the word “timeline” and look at some timelines for events)