Cells and Genetics

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CT State Science Frameworks

Structure and Function – How are organisms structured to ensure efficiency and survival? 7.2 - Many organisms, including humans, have specialized organ systems that interact with each other to maintain dynamic internal balance. ¨ All organisms are composed of one or more cells; each cell carries on life-sustaining functions. ¨ Multicellular organisms need specialized structures and systems to perform basic life functions.

C 1. Describe the basic structures of an animal cell, including nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria and cell membrane, and how they function to support life. C 2. Describe the structures of the human digestive, respiratory and circulatory systems, and explain how they function to bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells and expel waste materials.

Cell Unit: Students will engage in many action-oriented activities including the use of the microscope and the construction of a model cell to understand how cells work together as part of any organism. Students will also understand that cells carry on certain activities that keep organisms alive. They will explore the role of genes in determining traits of an organism.

· Identify the three characteristics of a living thing and name three things that all organisms need.

· Explain how animal and plant cells are similar and different. Describe their organelles and the function of these organelles.

· Explain the differences between dominant and recessive genes. How do they play a role in the determination of various traits, such as hair and eye color?

Challenge Extension: Describe the positive and negative effects of successful cloning experiments. Think of some possible outcomes that this scientific discovery may have on society and the economy.